function calculateBaseConversion() {
var inputNumberStr = document.getElementById("inputNumber").value.trim();
var inputBaseStr = document.getElementById("inputBase").value;
var outputBaseStr = document.getElementById("outputBase").value;
var resultDiv = document.getElementById("conversionResult");
resultDiv.innerHTML = ""; // Clear previous results
// Validate bases
var inputBase = parseInt(inputBaseStr, 10);
var outputBase = parseInt(outputBaseStr, 10);
if (isNaN(inputBase) || inputBase 36) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Please enter a valid Input Base between 2 and 36.";
return;
}
if (isNaN(outputBase) || outputBase 36) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Please enter a valid Output Base between 2 and 36.";
return;
}
if (inputNumberStr === "") {
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Please enter a number to convert.";
return;
}
// Convert input number string to decimal
var decimalValue;
try {
decimalValue = parseInt(inputNumberStr, inputBase);
} catch (e) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = "Error parsing input number. Please check the number and its base.";
return;
}
// Validate if the entire input string was valid for the given base
// parseInt stops at the first invalid character, so we need to check if the parsed value
// when converted back to the input base matches the original string.
if (isNaN(decimalValue) || decimalValue.toString(inputBase).toUpperCase() !== inputNumberStr.toUpperCase()) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = "The input number '" + inputNumberStr + "' is not a valid number for Base " + inputBase + ".";
return;
}
// Convert decimal value to the output base
var convertedNumber = decimalValue.toString(outputBase).toUpperCase();
resultDiv.innerHTML = "The number
" + inputNumberStr + " (Base " + inputBase + ") is
" + convertedNumber + " (Base " + outputBase + ").";
}
.calculator-container {
font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
padding: 25px;
border-radius: 10px;
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
max-width: 500px;
margin: 30px auto;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}
.calculator-container h2 {
text-align: center;
color: #333;
margin-bottom: 25px;
font-size: 1.8em;
}
.calculator-form .form-group {
margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.calculator-form label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 8px;
color: #555;
font-size: 1em;
font-weight: bold;
}
.calculator-form input[type="text"],
.calculator-form input[type="number"] {
width: calc(100% – 22px);
padding: 12px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 1em;
box-sizing: border-box;
transition: border-color 0.3s;
}
.calculator-form input[type="text"]:focus,
.calculator-form input[type="number"]:focus {
border-color: #007bff;
outline: none;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.2);
}
.calculate-button {
width: 100%;
padding: 14px;
background-color: #007bff;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 1.1em;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
margin-top: 15px;
}
.calculate-button:hover {
background-color: #0056b3;
transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.calculate-button:active {
background-color: #004085;
transform: translateY(0);
}
.result-container {
margin-top: 25px;
padding-top: 20px;
border-top: 1px solid #eee;
}
.result-container h3 {
color: #333;
font-size: 1.4em;
margin-bottom: 15px;
text-align: center;
}
.calculator-result {
background-color: #e9f7ff;
border: 1px solid #cce5ff;
padding: 15px;
border-radius: 8px;
font-size: 1.1em;
color: #0056b3;
text-align: center;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
.calculator-result p {
margin: 0;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.calculator-result strong {
color: #003366;
}
.calculator-result .error {
color: #dc3545;
font-weight: bold;
}
Understanding Number Bases and Digital Conversion
In the world of computing and digital electronics, numbers aren't always represented in the familiar decimal (base-10) system we use daily. Instead, various number bases are employed for different purposes. A number base converter is an essential tool for anyone working with digital systems, allowing for seamless translation between these different representations.
What are Number Bases?
A number base, or radix, defines the number of unique digits (including zero) used to represent numbers in a positional numeral system. The most common bases include:
- Decimal (Base-10): Uses ten digits (0-9). This is our everyday number system. Each position represents a power of 10 (e.g., 123 = 1*10^2 + 2*10^1 + 3*10^0).
- Binary (Base-2): Uses two digits (0 and 1). This is the fundamental language of computers, as electronic circuits can easily represent these two states (on/off, high/low voltage). Each position represents a power of 2 (e.g., 1011_2 = 1*2^3 + 0*2^2 + 1*2^1 + 1*2^0 = 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11_10).
- Octal (Base-8): Uses eight digits (0-7). Historically used in some computing contexts as a compact way to represent binary numbers (three binary digits correspond to one octal digit).
- Hexadecimal (Base-16): Uses sixteen digits (0-9 and A-F, where A=10, B=11, …, F=15). Widely used in computing to represent binary data in a more human-readable form. Four binary digits correspond to one hexadecimal digit, making it very efficient for representing memory addresses, color codes, and other byte-oriented data.
Why is Base Conversion Important?
Understanding and converting between number bases is crucial for:
- Computer Science: Programmers often need to work directly with binary or hexadecimal representations of data, especially in low-level programming, network protocols, and embedded systems.
- Digital Electronics: Engineers design circuits that operate on binary logic, and they need to interpret and manipulate these binary values.
- Data Representation: Various data formats, such as color codes (e.g., #FF0000 for red in hex), memory addresses, and error codes, are commonly expressed in non-decimal bases.
- Learning and Education: It provides a deeper understanding of how numbers work and how computers process information.
How the Number Base Converter Works
Our Number Base Converter simplifies the process of translating numbers between any two bases from 2 (binary) to 36. Here's how to use it:
- Input Number: Enter the number you wish to convert. For bases higher than 10, use letters A-Z for digits 10-35 (e.g., 'A' for 10, 'B' for 11, etc.).
- Input Base: Specify the base of the number you just entered. For example, enter '2' for binary, '10' for decimal, or '16' for hexadecimal.
- Output Base: Enter the base you want to convert the number to.
- Convert Number: Click the button, and the calculator will display the equivalent number in your desired output base.
Example Conversions:
- Binary to Decimal: Convert
10110 (Base 2) to Base 10.
Input Number: 10110, Input Base: 2, Output Base: 10.
Result: 22 (Base 10).
- Decimal to Hexadecimal: Convert
255 (Base 10) to Base 16.
Input Number: 255, Input Base: 10, Output Base: 16.
Result: FF (Base 16).
- Hexadecimal to Binary: Convert
A5 (Base 16) to Base 2.
Input Number: A5, Input Base: 16, Output Base: 2.
Result: 10100101 (Base 2).
This tool handles the complex arithmetic involved in base conversion, allowing you to quickly and accurately translate numbers for your digital projects and studies.