Calculator Scientific Online

Online Scientific Calculator

.calculator-container { font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; background-color: #f0f0f0; border-radius: 8px; padding: 20px; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); max-width: 350px; margin: 20px auto; text-align: center; } .calculator-display { width: calc(100% – 20px); height: 50px; background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 5px; margin-bottom: 15px; padding: 0 10px; font-size: 1.8em; text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-x: auto; white-space: nowrap; } .calculator-buttons { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 10px; } .calculator-buttons button { width: 100%; height: 60px; font-size: 1.2em; border: none; border-radius: 5px; cursor: pointer; transition: background-color 0.2s; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); } .calculator-buttons button:hover { opacity: 0.9; } .btn-number { background-color: #e0e0e0; color: #333; } .btn-operator { background-color: #f79231; color: #fff; } .btn-clear, .btn-backspace { background-color: #d9534f; color: #fff; } .btn-equals { background-color: #5cb85c; color: #fff; grid-column: span 2; /* Make equals button span two columns if desired */ } .btn-function, .btn-constant { background-color: #6c757d; color: #fff; } .btn-equals { grid-column: span 1; /* Reset to 1 column for better layout with scientific functions */ } /* Adjust grid for scientific functions */ .calculator-buttons { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); /* Default 4 columns */ } /* If you want more columns for scientific functions, adjust here */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(17), /* sin */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(18), /* cos */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(19), /* tan */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(20), /* log */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(21), /* ln */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(22), /* sqrt */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(23), /* x^y */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(24), /* pi */ .calculator-buttons button:nth-child(25) /* e */ { /* These are the scientific function buttons, they will naturally flow to new rows */ } var display = document.getElementById('display'); var currentExpression = "; function appendChar(char) { currentExpression += char; display.value = currentExpression; } function applyFunction(func) { switch (func) { case 'sin': currentExpression += 'Math.sin('; break; case 'cos': currentExpression += 'Math.cos('; break; case 'tan': currentExpression += 'Math.tan('; break; case 'log': // Base 10 currentExpression += 'Math.log10('; break; case 'ln': // Natural log (base e) currentExpression += 'Math.log('; break; case 'sqrt': currentExpression += 'Math.sqrt('; break; case 'pi': currentExpression += 'π'; // Display 'π' break; case 'e': currentExpression += 'e'; // Display 'e' break; default: break; } display.value = currentExpression; } function clearDisplay() { currentExpression = "; display.value = "; } function backspace() { currentExpression = currentExpression.slice(0, -1); display.value = currentExpression; } function calculateResult() { try { var expressionToEvaluate = currentExpression; // Replace common calculator notations with JavaScript Math equivalents expressionToEvaluate = expressionToEvaluate.replace(/\^/g, '**'); // Power operator expressionToEvaluate = expressionToEvaluate.replace(/π/g, 'Math.PI'); // Replace display 'π' with JS Math.PI expressionToEvaluate = expressionToEvaluate.replace(/e/g, 'Math.E'); // Replace display 'e' with JS Math.E var result = eval(expressionToEvaluate); if (isNaN(result) || !isFinite(result)) { display.value = 'Error'; } else { display.value = result; currentExpression = String(result); // Allow chaining operations with the result } } catch (e) { display.value = 'Error'; currentExpression = "; // Clear expression on error } }

Understanding the Online Scientific Calculator

A scientific calculator is an essential tool for students, engineers, scientists, and anyone who needs to perform complex mathematical calculations beyond basic arithmetic. Unlike a standard calculator, a scientific calculator includes functions for trigonometry, logarithms, exponents, roots, and more, making it indispensable for various academic and professional fields.

Key Features and Functions:

  • Basic Arithmetic: Addition (+), Subtraction (-), Multiplication (*), Division (/).
  • Parentheses: Use '(' and ')' to define the order of operations, ensuring calculations are performed correctly (e.g., (2 + 3) * 4).
  • Exponents (xy): Calculate powers of a number. For example, 2^3 means 2 raised to the power of 3 (2*2*2 = 8).
  • Square Root (√): Find the square root of a number (e.g., √16 = 4).
  • Logarithms (log, ln):
    • log: Represents the common logarithm (base 10). For example, log(100) = 2.
    • ln: Represents the natural logarithm (base e). For example, ln(e) = 1.
  • Trigonometric Functions (sin, cos, tan): Calculate sine, cosine, and tangent of angles. Please note that this calculator uses radians for trigonometric functions, which is standard in many scientific contexts. To convert degrees to radians, multiply by π/180. For example, sin(90 degrees) would be sin(90 * π / 180).
  • Constants (π, e): Access mathematical constants Pi (approximately 3.14159) and Euler's number 'e' (approximately 2.71828).

How to Use This Calculator:

  1. Input Numbers and Operators: Click the number buttons (0-9) and basic operators (+, -, *, /) to build your expression.
  2. Use Parentheses: For complex expressions, use '(' and ')' to group operations and control the order of calculation.
  3. Apply Scientific Functions: Click on function buttons like 'sin', 'cos', 'tan', 'log', 'ln', '√' (sqrt). After clicking a function button, an opening parenthesis will appear. You then input the number or expression for that function and close the parenthesis.
    • Example: To calculate sine of 90 degrees, you would press sin, then (, then 90, then *, then π, then /, then 180, then ). The display would show sin(90*π/180).
    • Example: To calculate the square root of 25, press √, then (, then 25, then ). The display would show sqrt(25).
  4. Exponents: To calculate 2 to the power of 3, press 2, then xy, then 3. The display would show 2^3.
  5. Constants: Click 'π' or 'e' to insert these mathematical constants into your expression.
  6. Get Result: Press the '=' button to evaluate the expression and display the result.
  7. Clear Display: Use 'C' to clear the entire expression.
  8. Delete Last Character: Use 'DEL' to remove the last character entered.
  9. Chain Operations: After a result is displayed, you can continue typing operators and numbers to perform further calculations on the previous result.

Examples:

  • Basic Order of Operations:

    To calculate 5 + 3 * 2:

    Press 5, +, 3, *, 2, =. Result: 11

  • Trigonometry (Sine of 90 degrees):

    To calculate sin(90 degrees) (which is 1):

    Press sin, (, 9, 0, *, π, /, 1, 8, 0, ), =. Result: 1

  • Logarithm (Base 10):

    To calculate log(1000):

    Press log, (, 1, 0, 0, 0, ), =. Result: 3

  • Square Root:

    To calculate √144:

    Press √, (, 1, 4, 4, ), =. Result: 12

  • Exponents:

    To calculate 43:

    Press 4, xy, 3, =. Result: 64

This online scientific calculator provides a convenient way to perform a wide range of mathematical computations directly from your browser.

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