Cardiac Surgical Risk Calculator
This calculator helps estimate the potential risk associated with cardiac surgery based on several patient-specific and procedural factors. It provides a simplified risk assessment, similar to scores used in clinical practice, to give an indication of potential surgical mortality risk. Please note this is for informational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice.
Understanding Cardiac Surgical Risk
Cardiac surgery, while often life-saving, carries inherent risks. These risks vary significantly among patients due to a multitude of factors, including age, overall health, specific heart conditions, and the complexity of the surgical procedure itself. Medical professionals use various scoring systems, such as the EuroSCORE II or the STS (Society of Thoracic Surgeons) risk score, to estimate a patient's individual risk of complications or mortality following cardiac surgery.
Key Risk Factors Considered:
- Age: Older patients generally face higher risks due to age-related physiological changes and comorbidities.
- Kidney Function (Creatinine Clearance): Impaired kidney function can increase the risk of complications, including acute kidney injury post-surgery.
- Heart Function (LVEF): A reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction indicates weaker heart pumping ability, which is a significant risk factor.
- Previous Cardiac Surgery: Re-operations are often more complex due to scar tissue and altered anatomy, increasing risk.
- Urgency of Surgery: Emergency surgeries, performed without adequate time for patient optimization, carry higher risks than elective procedures.
- Type of Surgery: Different procedures have different baseline risks. For example, combined CABG and valve surgery is generally more complex than isolated CABG.
- Comorbidities: Conditions like Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD), Chronic Lung Disease, and Active Endocarditis can significantly impact surgical outcomes and increase risk.
Interpreting Your Risk Score:
The risk score generated by this calculator is a simplified estimate. A "Low Risk" score suggests a generally favorable prognosis, while "High Risk" or "Very High Risk" indicates a greater likelihood of complications or mortality. It's crucial to remember that these scores are statistical probabilities and do not predict individual outcomes with certainty. Many factors not included in this simplified model can also influence risk.
Disclaimer:
This Cardiac Surgical Risk Calculator is designed for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for any medical concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment. The actual risks of cardiac surgery can only be accurately assessed by your medical team, who will consider your complete medical history and current condition.
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function calculateCardiacRisk() {
var age = parseFloat(document.getElementById('patientAge').value);
var creatinineClearance = parseFloat(document.getElementById('creatinineClearance').value);
var lvef = parseFloat(document.getElementById('lvef').value);
var previousSurgery = document.getElementById('previousSurgery').value;
var urgency = document.getElementById('urgency').value;
var surgeryType = document.getElementById('surgeryType').value;
var pvd = document.getElementById('pvd').value;
var chronicLungDisease = document.getElementById('chronicLungDisease').value;
var activeEndocarditis = document.getElementById('activeEndocarditis').value;
var totalRiskScore = 0;
var resultDiv = document.getElementById('cardiacRiskResult');
// Input validation
if (isNaN(age) || age 100) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = 'Please enter a valid age (18-100 years).';
return;
}
if (isNaN(creatinineClearance) || creatinineClearance 150) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = 'Please enter a valid Creatinine Clearance (10-150 ml/min).';
return;
}
if (isNaN(lvef) || lvef 80) {
resultDiv.innerHTML = 'Please enter a valid LVEF (10-80%).';
return;
}
// Age points
if (age >= 80) {
totalRiskScore += 3;
} else if (age >= 70) {
totalRiskScore += 2;
} else if (age >= 60) {
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// Creatinine Clearance points
if (creatinineClearance < 50) {
totalRiskScore += 2;
} else if (creatinineClearance <= 85) {
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// LVEF points
if (lvef < 30) {
totalRiskScore += 2;
} else if (lvef <= 50) {
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// Previous Cardiac Surgery
if (previousSurgery === 'yes') {
totalRiskScore += 2;
}
// Urgency of Surgery
if (urgency === 'emergency') {
totalRiskScore += 3;
} else if (urgency === 'urgent') {
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// Type of Surgery (baseline risk adjustment)
if (surgeryType === 'valve') {
totalRiskScore += 2;
} else if (surgeryType === 'combined') {
totalRiskScore += 3;
} else { // CABG
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// Peripheral Vascular Disease
if (pvd === 'yes') {
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// Chronic Lung Disease
if (chronicLungDisease === 'yes') {
totalRiskScore += 1;
}
// Active Endocarditis
if (activeEndocarditis === 'yes') {
totalRiskScore += 3;
}
var riskCategory = '';
var riskPercentageRange = '';
if (totalRiskScore <= 3) {
riskCategory = 'Low Risk';
riskPercentageRange = '<1%';
} else if (totalRiskScore <= 6) {
riskCategory = 'Moderate Risk';
riskPercentageRange = '1-5%';
} else if (totalRiskScore 10%';
}
resultDiv.innerHTML = 'Based on the provided information, the estimated cardiac surgical risk is:
' + riskCategory + ' (Approximate Mortality Risk: ' + riskPercentageRange + ').';
}