How to Calculate a Bowling Handicap
Whether you are joining a new league or just trying to understand the scoring sheet, calculating a bowling handicap is essential for fair play. The handicap system allows bowlers of different skill levels to compete against one another on an equal footing. This guide explains the math behind the handicap and how to use our calculator to determine your number.
What is a Bowling Handicap?
In bowling, a handicap is bonus points added to a bowler's raw score (scratch score) to equalize competition. It ensures that a bowler with a 150 average has a fair chance of beating a bowler with a 200 average if they perform better relative to their own skill level.
The Handicap Formula
The standard formula used by the United States Bowling Congress (USBC) and most local leagues is relatively simple:
The result is usually rounded down (truncated) to the nearest whole number.
1. The Basis Score
The basis score is a high score set by the league that is typically higher than any individual bowler's average in that league. Common basis scores are:
- 200 (Common for recreational leagues)
- 210 or 220 (Common for competitive leagues)
- 230 (Used in high-performance leagues to ensure no one has a negative handicap)
2. The Percentage Factor
Leagues apply a percentage to the difference between the basis score and your average. This prevents the lower-average bowler from having too much of an advantage. Common percentages are:
- 100%: Full equalization.
- 90%: Most common in modern leagues. Leaves a slight advantage to the higher average bowler.
- 80%: Gives a distinct advantage to the higher average bowler.
Example Calculation
Let's say you are in a league with a Basis Score of 210 and a Percentage of 90%.
- Your Average: 160
- Calculation: 210 – 160 = 50
- Apply Percentage: 50 × 0.90 = 45
Your handicap is 45 per game. If you bowl a 170 (scratch score), your total score with handicap would be 170 + 45 = 215.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I establish my average?
If you are new to a league, you usually establish your average after your first 3 games (one series). Until then, the league may assign a "vacancy score" or a blind score based on league rules.
Does the handicap change?
Yes. As your average goes up or down throughout the season, your handicap will be recalculated weekly to reflect your current skill level.
What if my average is higher than the basis score?
If your average exceeds the basis score (e.g., your average is 225 and the basis is 220), your handicap is typically 0. Some leagues use "negative handicap," meaning points are subtracted from your score, but this is rare.