.standard-form-calculator-container {
font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
max-width: 600px;
margin: 20px auto;
padding: 25px;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
border-radius: 10px;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}
.standard-form-calculator-container h2 {
text-align: center;
color: #333;
margin-bottom: 25px;
font-size: 26px;
font-weight: 600;
}
.standard-form-calculator-container label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 8px;
color: #555;
font-size: 16px;
font-weight: 500;
}
.standard-form-calculator-container input[type="number"],
.standard-form-calculator-container input[type="text"] {
width: calc(100% – 22px);
padding: 12px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 16px;
box-sizing: border-box;
transition: border-color 0.3s ease;
}
.standard-form-calculator-container input[type="number"]:focus,
.standard-form-calculator-container input[type="text"]:focus {
border-color: #007bff;
outline: none;
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0, 123, 255, 0.3);
}
.standard-form-calculator-container button {
display: block;
width: 100%;
padding: 14px;
background-color: #007bff;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 18px;
font-weight: 600;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}
.standard-form-calculator-container button:hover {
background-color: #0056b3;
transform: translateY(-2px);
}
.standard-form-calculator-container .result-container {
margin-top: 30px;
padding: 20px;
background-color: #e9f7ff;
border: 1px solid #b3e0ff;
border-radius: 8px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 18px;
color: #0056b3;
min-height: 50px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
word-break: break-all;
}
.standard-form-calculator-container .result-container strong {
color: #003f7f;
font-size: 20px;
}
.standard-form-calculator-container .error-message {
color: #dc3545;
font-size: 15px;
margin-top: -10px;
margin-bottom: 15px;
text-align: center;
}
function calculateStandardForm() {
var numberInput = document.getElementById("numberToConvert").value;
var resultDisplay = document.getElementById("resultStandardForm");
var errorDisplay = document.getElementById("inputError");
errorDisplay.textContent = ""; // Clear previous errors
resultDisplay.innerHTML = ""; // Clear previous results
// Use parseFloat to handle both integers and decimals
var num = parseFloat(numberInput);
if (isNaN(num)) {
errorDisplay.textContent = "Please enter a valid number.";
return;
}
if (num === 0) {
resultDisplay.innerHTML = "0"; // Standard form of 0 is just 0
return;
}
// Use toExponential() which directly converts a number to scientific notation
// e.g., 12345.678.toExponential() -> "1.2345678e+4"
// e.g., 0.000000000123.toExponential() -> "1.23e-10"
var exponentialString = num.toExponential();
// Split the string at 'e' to get the coefficient and exponent
var parts = exponentialString.split('e');
var coefficient = parseFloat(parts[0]);
var exponent = parseInt(parts[1], 10);
// Format the coefficient to a reasonable number of decimal places
// to avoid excessive precision for simple numbers, but keep it for complex ones.
// toPrecision() is good, but toFixed() followed by parseFloat can clean up trailing zeros.
// Let's use toPrecision for better control over significant figures.
// A common practice is 2-4 decimal places for the coefficient, or enough to represent the original number's precision.
// For simplicity, we'll use a fixed number of significant figures for the coefficient.
// If the original number has few significant figures, toExponential might add trailing zeros.
// Let's try to keep the coefficient as is from toExponential, as it's usually well-formatted.
// If we want to limit decimals, we can use:
// var formattedCoefficient = parseFloat(coefficient.toFixed(4)); // Limits to 4 decimal places
// For this calculator, we'll display the coefficient as provided by toExponential,
// which usually provides a reasonable number of significant figures.
// If the number is an integer like 500, toExponential gives "5e+2", coefficient is 5.
// If it's 5.00, it might give "5.00e+0″.
resultDisplay.innerHTML = coefficient + " × 10" + exponent + "";
}
Standard Form Converter
Standard Form:
Understanding Standard Form (Scientific Notation)
Standard form, also known as scientific notation, is a convenient way to write very large or very small numbers. It simplifies the representation and makes calculations involving such numbers much easier to manage and understand. This calculator helps you convert any number into its standard form.
What is Standard Form?
A number written in standard form is expressed as a product of two parts:
- A coefficient (or mantissa): This is a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 (i.e., 1 ≤ |a| < 10).
- A power of 10: This indicates how many places the decimal point has been moved.
The general format is a × 10b, where 'a' is the coefficient and 'b' is the exponent (an integer).
Why Use Standard Form?
- Clarity: It's much easier to read and compare numbers like 3 × 108 (speed of light) than 300,000,000.
- Conciseness: It saves space when writing out numbers with many zeros.
- Calculations: Multiplying and dividing numbers in standard form is simpler, as you can multiply/divide the coefficients and add/subtract the exponents.
How to Convert a Number to Standard Form:
- Identify the Coefficient: Move the decimal point in the original number until there is only one non-zero digit to its left. This new number is your coefficient 'a'.
- Determine the Exponent: Count how many places you moved the decimal point.
- If you moved the decimal point to the left, the exponent 'b' is positive.
- If you moved the decimal point to the right, the exponent 'b' is negative.
- If the number is already between 1 and 10 (exclusive of 10), the exponent is 0.
- Combine: Write the number in the format a × 10b.
Examples:
- Large Number: The population of the Earth is approximately 8,000,000,000.
- Move decimal 9 places to the left: 8.0
- Exponent is +9.
- Standard Form: 8 × 109
- Small Number: The mass of an electron is about 0.000000000000000000000000000000911 kg.
- Move decimal 31 places to the right: 9.11
- Exponent is -31.
- Standard Form: 9.11 × 10-31
- Number between 1 and 10: 5.7
- No decimal movement needed.
- Exponent is 0.
- Standard Form: 5.7 × 100 (or simply 5.7)
Use the calculator above to quickly convert your numbers into standard form!