.calculator-container {
width: 300px;
margin: 20px auto;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
}
.calculator-display input {
width: calc(100% – 20px);
padding: 10px;
font-size: 2em;
text-align: right;
border: none;
background-color: #222;
color: #fff;
border-top-left-radius: 5px;
border-top-right-radius: 5px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.calculator-buttons {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
gap: 1px;
background-color: #ccc; /* For button separation lines */
}
.calculator-buttons button {
padding: 15px;
font-size: 1.2em;
border: none;
background-color: #eee;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.2s;
}
.calculator-buttons button:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
.calculator-buttons button:active {
background-color: #ccc;
}
.calculator-buttons button.span-two {
grid-column: span 2;
}
.calculator-buttons button:nth-child(4n), /* Operators */
.calculator-buttons button:nth-child(16) /* Square root */ {
background-color: #f0a000;
color: #fff;
}
.calculator-buttons button:nth-child(4n):hover,
.calculator-buttons button:nth-child(16):hover {
background-color: #e09000;
}
.calculator-buttons button:nth-child(1) { /* Clear button */
background-color: #d9534f;
color: #fff;
}
.calculator-buttons button:nth-child(1):hover {
background-color: #c9302c;
}
.calculator-buttons button:last-child { /* Equals button */
background-color: #5cb85c;
color: #fff;
}
.calculator-buttons button:last-child:hover {
background-color: #4cae4c;
}
var display = document.getElementById('display');
var currentInput = '0';
var previousInput = null;
var operator = null;
var waitingForSecondOperand = false;
function updateDisplay() {
display.value = currentInput;
}
function appendNumber(num) {
if (waitingForSecondOperand) {
currentInput = num;
waitingForSecondOperand = false;
} else {
if (num === '.' && currentInput.includes('.')) {
return; // Prevent multiple decimal points
}
if (currentInput === '0' && num !== '.') {
currentInput = num;
} else {
currentInput += num;
}
}
updateDisplay();
}
function chooseOperator(op) {
if (previousInput === null && currentInput !== ") {
previousInput = parseFloat(currentInput);
} else if (previousInput !== null && currentInput !== " && !waitingForSecondOperand) {
calculate(); // Perform previous operation if chaining
previousInput = parseFloat(currentInput); // Update previousInput with the result
}
operator = op;
waitingForSecondOperand = true;
updateDisplay(); // Display current number before operator is applied
}
function calculate() {
if (previousInput === null || operator === null || currentInput === ") {
return; // Not enough operands or operator
}
var current = parseFloat(currentInput);
var result;
switch (operator) {
case '+':
result = previousInput + current;
break;
case '-':
result = previousInput – current;
break;
case '*':
result = previousInput * current;
break;
case '/':
if (current === 0) {
currentInput = 'Error: Div by 0';
previousInput = null;
operator = null;
waitingForSecondOperand = false;
updateDisplay();
return;
}
result = previousInput / current;
break;
default:
return;
}
currentInput = result.toString();
previousInput = null;
operator = null;
waitingForSecondOperand = true; // Ready for new operation or chaining
updateDisplay();
}
function squareRoot() {
var num = parseFloat(currentInput);
if (isNaN(num)) {
currentInput = 'Error';
} else if (num < 0) {
currentInput = 'Error: Negative';
} else {
currentInput = Math.sqrt(num).toString();
}
previousInput = null; // Reset for new calculation after sqrt
operator = null;
waitingForSecondOperand = true;
updateDisplay();
}
function clearDisplay() {
currentInput = '0';
previousInput = null;
operator = null;
waitingForSecondOperand = false;
updateDisplay();
}
// Initialize display
updateDisplay();
Online Square Root Calculator
Welcome to our easy-to-use online calculator, specifically designed to help you perform basic arithmetic operations and quickly find the square root of any number. Whether you're a student, an engineer, or just need to crunch some numbers, this tool provides a straightforward way to get your results.
What is a Square Root?
In mathematics, a square root of a number 'x' is a number 'y' such that y² = x. In simpler terms, when you multiply 'y' by itself, you get 'x'. For example, the square root of 9 is 3, because 3 × 3 = 9. Every positive number has two square roots: one positive and one negative. However, in most practical applications, especially with calculators, we refer to the principal (positive) square root.
Perfect Squares: Numbers like 4, 9, 16, 25, etc., have integer square roots (2, 3, 4, 5).
Irrational Square Roots: Many numbers, like 2, 3, 5, do not have integer square roots. Their square roots are irrational numbers, meaning they cannot be expressed as a simple fraction and have infinite non-repeating decimal expansions (e.g., √2 ≈ 1.41421356).
How to Use the Calculator
Our calculator is intuitive and works just like a physical calculator. Here's a quick guide:
Basic Operations (+, -, *, /):
Enter the first number using the digit buttons.
Click on the desired operator (+, -, *, /).
Enter the second number.
Click the '=' button to see the result.
You can chain operations: after getting a result, you can immediately click another operator and enter a new number.
Square Root (√):
Enter the number you want to find the square root of.
Click the '√' button. The display will immediately show its square root.
Note: The calculator will display an "Error: Negative" if you try to find the square root of a negative number, as real numbers do not have real square roots for negative numbers.
Clear (C):
Click the 'C' button to clear the display and reset all ongoing calculations.
Decimal Point (.):
Use the '.' button to enter decimal numbers.
Examples of Use
Let's look at some practical examples:
Simple Addition: Input: 5 + 3 = Output: 8
Multiplication with Decimals: Input: 2.5 * 4 = Output: 10
Finding a Square Root: Input: 144 √ Output: 12
Square Root of a Non-Perfect Square: Input: 2 √ Output: 1.4142135623730951 (or similar, depending on precision)
Chained Operations (Left-to-Right Evaluation): Input: 10 + 5 * 2 = Output: 30 (because 10+5=15, then 15*2=30. This calculator processes operations in the order they are entered, not following PEMDAS/BODMAS rules for order of operations.)
Square Root in a Calculation: Input: 25 √ + 7 = Output: 12 (because √25=5, then 5+7=12)
This calculator is a handy tool for quick calculations, especially when you need to deal with square roots without reaching for a scientific calculator or a complex software. Enjoy using it for your mathematical needs!