Quadratic Equation Solver
Enter the coefficients for the quadratic equation in the form ax² + bx + c = 0.
Understanding Quadratic Equations and Their Solutions
A quadratic equation is a polynomial equation of the second degree, meaning it contains at least one term in which the unknown variable is raised to the power of two. The standard form of a quadratic equation is:
ax² + bx + c = 0
Where:
xrepresents the unknown variable.a,b, andcare coefficients, withanot equal to zero.
The solutions to a quadratic equation are also known as its roots. These roots represent the x-intercepts of the parabola that the quadratic equation describes when graphed.
The Quadratic Formula
The most common method for solving quadratic equations is using the quadratic formula:
x = [-b ± √(b² - 4ac)] / 2a
This formula allows you to find the values of x directly, given the coefficients a, b, and c.
The Discriminant (b² – 4ac)
A crucial part of the quadratic formula is the expression under the square root, (b² - 4ac), which is called the discriminant. The value of the discriminant determines the nature of the roots:
- If
(b² - 4ac) > 0: The equation has two distinct real roots. This means the parabola intersects the x-axis at two different points. - If
(b² - 4ac) = 0: The equation has exactly one real root (sometimes called a repeated or double root). This means the parabola touches the x-axis at exactly one point (its vertex). - If
(b² - 4ac) < 0: The equation has two complex (non-real) roots. These roots are conjugates of each other. In this case, the parabola does not intersect the x-axis.
How to Use the Quadratic Equation Solver
Our Quadratic Equation Solver simplifies the process of finding the roots of any quadratic equation. Simply follow these steps:
- Identify Coefficients: Look at your quadratic equation and identify the values for
a,b, andc. Remember, if a term is missing, its coefficient is 0 (e.g., in x² + 5 = 0, b = 0). - Enter Values: Input the numerical values for Coefficient a, Coefficient b, and Coefficient c into the respective fields in the calculator.
- Solve: Click the "Solve Equation" button.
- View Results: The calculator will instantly display the roots of your equation, indicating whether they are real or complex.
Examples of Quadratic Equations
Let's look at some examples to illustrate the different types of solutions:
Example 1: Two Distinct Real Roots
Consider the equation: x² - 3x + 2 = 0
a = 1b = -3c = 2
Discriminant = (-3)² – 4(1)(2) = 9 – 8 = 1 (which is > 0)
Using the calculator with these values will yield: x₁ = 2.0000, x₂ = 1.0000
Example 2: One Real Root
Consider the equation: x² - 4x + 4 = 0
a = 1b = -4c = 4
Discriminant = (-4)² – 4(1)(4) = 16 – 16 = 0
Using the calculator with these values will yield: x = 2.0000
Example 3: Two Complex Roots
Consider the equation: x² + 2x + 5 = 0
a = 1b = 2c = 5
Discriminant = (2)² – 4(1)(5) = 4 – 20 = -16 (which is < 0)
Using the calculator with these values will yield: x₁ = -1.0000 + 2.0000i, x₂ = -1.0000 – 2.0000i
Example 4: Linear Equation (a = 0)
Consider the equation: 0x² + 5x - 10 = 0 (or simply 5x - 10 = 0)
a = 0b = 5c = -10
Using the calculator with these values will yield: x = 2.0000
This calculator is a powerful tool for students, engineers, and anyone needing to quickly and accurately solve quadratic equations without manual calculation errors.